Chapter 8:
Periodic Properties of the Elements
Practice Test
1.
In general, atomic size ___________ from left to right across a period.
a.
increases, then decreases
b.
decreases
c.
remains the same
d.
increases
Hint
2.
This Group 14 element is used in making ceramics, glass, and cement.
a.
silicon
b.
carbon
c.
tin
d.
lead
Hint
3.
These groups contain metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
a.
17, 18
b.
13-18
c.
1, 2
d.
14 , 15
Hint
4.
To prevent unintended reactions, sodium and potassium are kept in _____________.
a.
oil
b.
air
c.
ice
d.
water
Hint
5.
This alkali-metal compound is used in drain cleaners and in the digestion of wood pulp.
a.
sodium hydroxide
b.
sodium chloride
c.
sodium carbonate
d.
sodium nitrate
Hint
6.
These two Group 15 elements are important components of many fertilizers.
a.
nitrogen and phosphorus
b.
nitrogen and arsenic
c.
antimony and arsenic
d.
bismuth and phosphorus
Hint
7.
Among the elements fluorine, lithium, cesium, and astatine, which would you expect to have the smallest atomic radius?
a.
astatine
b.
cesium
c.
fluorine
d.
lithium
Hint
8.
This Group 13 metal is obtained from its ore in a process that consumes about 5% of the electricity produced in the U.S.
a.
aluminum
b.
indium
c.
thallium
d.
gallium
Hint
9.
Many transition elements have multiple positive oxidation states because their atoms can lose some of their _______________.
a.
s electrons
b.
p electrons
c.
d electrons
d.
nuclear protons
Hint
10.
_______________ is a measure of the size of an atom.
a.
Number of electrons
b.
Atomic radius
c.
Nuclear charge
d.
Oxidation number
Hint
11.
This useful transition element is the major component in steel.
a.
tungsten
b.
chromium
c.
nickel
d.
iron
Hint
12.
The elements in Groups 1, 2, and 13-17 are called the __________.
a.
transition elements
b.
main group elements
c.
alkali metals
d.
noble gases
Hint
13.
Among the ions F
-
, Li
+
, Cs
+
, and At
-
, which would you expect to have the smallest ionic radius?
a.
At
-
b.
Li
+
c.
F
-
d.
Cs
+
Hint
14.
Which elements would you expect to be the most reactive alkaline earth metal?
a.
beryllium
b.
lithium
c.
radium
d.
francium
Hint
15.
In general, atomic size ___________ from top to bottom within a Group.
a.
increases
b.
increases, then decreases
c.
remains the same
d.
decreases
Hint
16.
This nonmetal is used to increase the hardness of steel.
a.
oxygen
b.
nitrogen
c.
chlorine
d.
carbon
Hint
17.
This noble gas is used to carry scientific instruments into the upper atmosphere.
a.
krypton
b.
helium
c.
xenon
d.
argon
Hint
18.
Metallic sodium is obtained from NaCl through _________.
a.
thermal decomposition
b.
electrolysis
c.
freezing
d.
condensation
Hint
19.
This transition element is used in many barometers and thermometers.
a.
mercury
b.
titanium
c.
iron
d.
copper
Hint
20.
Ozone is an allotrope of this element.
a.
lead
b.
neon
c.
osmium
d.
oxygen
Hint
